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Parminder Jeet Singh  Abstract  AI is commonly regarded as a private competitive service. This essay argues that AI should instead be treated as digital public infrastructure. Constituted mainly of data and computing, AI exhibits clear public-good characteristics. Data, collectively created by people and non-copyrightable, forms a commons that

Jhalak Kakkar & Joanne D’Cunha Abstract Colonial legacies that have shaped the progress of other digital technologies continue to influence the global AI ecosystem, with Global Majority countries facing risks from the import of AI systems  developed without sufficient attention to their lived experiences, priorities, and safety needs. This

Authors  Gaurav Godhwani & Ahsnat Mokarim Abstract AI systems are only as effective as the data on which they are built. In India, data is abundant but remains fragmented, uneven in quality, and poorly structured for reuse across systems, creating a widening gap between data availability and data usability. This

Bharath Reddy and Pranay Kotasthane Abstract Artificial intelligence has become an area of geopolitical contestation, and the policy instruments states reach for are shaped by the narratives through which the technology is understood. This chapter identifies five competing framings – AI as a conventional arms race, as a nuclear weapon, as

Ankit Bose Abstract India stands at an inflection point in the global AI transition, positioned by the scale of its population, digital public infrastructure, and developmental ambitions. Yet the dominant AI paradigm, shaped by capital-intensive firms and concentrated technology supply chains, may reproduce structural inequities unless mediated by purposeful

Anita Gurumurthy and Nandini Chami  Abstract The development and diffusion of LLMs represents a disruptive watershed following the print, mass media, and social media revolutions. As digital artefacts acquire everyday materiality and societal-scale impacts, questions of “what next” become increasingly urgent. As diverse linguistic cultures are appropriated within the

Understanding impact and determining policy responses for the IT services industry in India Abstract The relationship between artificial intelligence and employment has become a central labour market question. This essay examines the labour market implications of AI adoption for India’s IT/ITeS sector, situating recent workforce reductions at major